VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning

Yunxin Li, Xinyu Chen, Baotian Hu, Longyue Wang, Haoyuan Shi, Min Zhang·June 17, 2024

Summary

The paper introduces VideoVista, a large-scale video QA benchmark designed to assess the performance of large multimodal models in video understanding and reasoning. It consists of 25,000 questions derived from 3,400 diverse videos across 14 categories, covering tasks like anomaly detection and various reasoning types. The authors use GPT-4 and other tools for automatic data construction, but highlight the need for manual quality control for complex tasks. State-of-the-art models struggle with fine-grained tasks, logical reasoning, and lag behind open-source models like GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5. VideoVista aims to drive advancements in video understanding and reasoning models by providing a comprehensive evaluation platform.

Key findings

33

Paper digest

What problem does the paper attempt to solve? Is this a new problem?

The paper aims to address the shortcomings in current Video-Large Language Models (Video-LMMs) related to understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities . This is not a new problem as existing Video-LMMs have been identified to have these principal shortcomings, highlighting the need for future enhancements in these areas . The paper introduces a versatile video QA benchmark, VideoVista, which includes diverse video categories, varying durations, and a wide range of tasks to thoroughly assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs .


What scientific hypothesis does this paper seek to validate?

This paper aims to validate the hypothesis that Video-Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) have shortcomings in understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities, which need to be addressed for future enhancement .


What new ideas, methods, or models does the paper propose? What are the characteristics and advantages compared to previous methods?

The paper "VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning" introduces several innovative concepts and approaches in the field of video understanding and reasoning . Here are some key ideas, methods, and models proposed in the paper:

  1. VideoVista Benchmark: The paper presents the development of a comprehensive video QA benchmark called VideoVista, which includes 14 categories, videos of varying durations, and 27 types of tasks to evaluate Video-LMMs (Large Language Models for Videos) . This benchmark aims to assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs in terms of understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities.

  2. Automatic Video Annotation Framework: The authors introduce an automatic video annotation framework that facilitates the efficient creation of large-scale training and evaluation VideoQA datasets . This framework involves annotating video clips using models like GPT-4o and converting these annotations into question-answer pairs for merged videos.

  3. Video Processing Techniques: The paper details the process of splitting long videos into clips, merging adjacent clips, and annotating each clip to create question-answer pairs for the merged videos . This approach ensures that the benchmark includes diverse video categories, varying durations, and comprehensive understanding and reasoning tasks.

  4. Shortcomings Identification: Through extensive analyses, the paper identifies three principal shortcomings in current Video-LMMs, focusing on understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities . By highlighting these areas for improvement, the paper sets the stage for enhancing future Video-LMM models.

Overall, the paper's contributions lie in the development of the VideoVista benchmark, the introduction of an automatic video annotation framework, the emphasis on video processing techniques, and the identification of key shortcomings in existing Video-LMMs, paving the way for advancements in video understanding and reasoning research . The "VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning" paper introduces several characteristics and advantages compared to previous methods in the field of video understanding and reasoning :

  1. Comprehensive Benchmark: VideoVista offers a comprehensive video QA benchmark comprising 14 categories, videos of varying durations, and 27 types of tasks to evaluate Video-LMMs thoroughly . This benchmark ensures a diverse range of video categories, varying durations, and comprehensive understanding and reasoning tasks, setting it apart from previous methods.

  2. Automatic Annotation Framework: The paper presents an automatic video annotation framework that leverages the GPT-4 model and advanced video analysis methods for efficient creation of large-scale training and evaluation VideoQA datasets . This framework streamlines the annotation process and enhances the scalability of dataset creation compared to manual methods used in the past.

  3. Enhanced Video Processing Techniques: VideoVista employs sophisticated video processing techniques, including splitting long videos into short clips with consistent semantics, merging adjacent clips, and annotating each clip using GPT-4o . These techniques ensure the inclusion of diverse video categories, varying durations, and comprehensive understanding and reasoning tasks, enhancing the benchmark's quality and scope.

  4. Identification of Shortcomings: The paper identifies three principal shortcomings in current Video-LMMs, focusing on understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities . By highlighting these areas for improvement, VideoVista aims to address the limitations of previous methods and pave the way for advancements in video understanding and reasoning research.

  5. Extensive Evaluations: VideoVista conducts extensive evaluations and analyses on 10 cutting-edge Video-LMMs, revealing challenges faced by these models in handling long videos, fine-grained video understanding tasks, logical reasoning, and relation inference . This thorough evaluation provides insights into the performance gaps of existing methods and underscores the need for advancements in video understanding and reasoning capabilities.

Overall, the characteristics and advantages of VideoVista, such as its comprehensive benchmark, automatic annotation framework, enhanced video processing techniques, identification of shortcomings in current models, and extensive evaluations, position it as a significant advancement in the field of video understanding and reasoning compared to previous methods .


Do any related researches exist? Who are the noteworthy researchers on this topic in this field?What is the key to the solution mentioned in the paper?

In the field of video understanding and reasoning, there are related researches and noteworthy researchers mentioned in the "VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning" paper. The key solution mentioned in the paper revolves around the development of a versatile video QA benchmark, VideoVista, which comprises 14 categories, varying video durations, and 27 types of tasks to thoroughly assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs .

Noteworthy researchers in this field include Timothy Meaker, who is involved in tutorials on building children's dens . Additionally, the paper highlights the development of an automatic video annotation framework to create large-scale training and evaluation VideoQA datasets efficiently . The solution emphasizes addressing the principal shortcomings of current Video-LMMs, focusing on understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities for future enhancement .


How were the experiments in the paper designed?

The experiments in the paper were designed to evaluate Video-LMMs on specific video QA tasks using a comprehensive benchmark dataset called VideoVista. The dataset encompasses diverse content categories, durations, and tasks to thoroughly assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs in understanding and reasoning . The experiments involved testing Video-LMMs on various tasks such as Event Location, Anomaly Detection, Object Count, and Logical Reasoning, among others . The dataset consists of 3,402 videos with about 25,000 questions to evaluate 11 different ability aspects of Video-LMMs across 27 task classes . The experiments aimed to identify the challenges faced by Video-LMMs, including difficulties in handling long videos, fine-grained video understanding tasks, and logical and relation reasoning abilities . The results of the experiments revealed that open-source Video-LMMs performed significantly lower compared to models like GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5 .


What is the dataset used for quantitative evaluation? Is the code open source?

The dataset used for quantitative evaluation is VideoVista, which is a versatile benchmark for video understanding and reasoning . The code for the dataset is open source and available at the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/HITsz-TMG/UMOE-Scaling-Unified-Multimodal-LLMs/tree/master/VideoVista .


Do the experiments and results in the paper provide good support for the scientific hypotheses that need to be verified? Please analyze.

The experiments and results presented in the paper provide substantial support for the scientific hypotheses that needed verification. The study conducted extensive evaluations on ten advanced Video-Large Language Models (Video-LMMs) to assess their capabilities in video understanding and reasoning tasks . The results revealed several key findings:

  • Video-LMMs encountered challenges in handling long videos and fine-grained video understanding tasks, such as temporal location and anomaly detection .
  • The logical and relation reasoning abilities of Video-LMMs were found to be inferior, particularly in Video-Video relations inference .
  • The performance of open-source Video-LMMs significantly lagged behind proprietary models like GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5 .

These findings indicate that the experiments conducted in the paper effectively tested the hypotheses related to the capabilities and limitations of Video-LMMs in handling diverse video categories, durations, and reasoning tasks . The comprehensive evaluation of Video-LMMs on a wide range of tasks and video sources provided valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of these models, supporting the scientific hypotheses under investigation.


What are the contributions of this paper?

The paper on VideoVista makes several key contributions:

  • It introduces a comprehensive video QA benchmark dataset named VideoVista, which includes diverse content categories, durations, and abilities for assessing Video-LMMs .
  • The dataset comprises 3,402 videos with around 25,000 questions covering 11 ability aspects (27 tasks) of Video-LMMs, providing a thorough evaluation of video understanding and reasoning capabilities .
  • Extensive evaluations on 10 cutting-edge Video-LMMs revealed challenges faced by these models in handling long videos, fine-grained video understanding tasks, logical reasoning abilities, and Video-Video relations inference .

What work can be continued in depth?

In the context provided, the work that can be continued in depth involves generating questions and answers related to video understanding and reasoning tasks based on action information, event information, and object annotation . These tasks include Action Recognition, Action Location, Action Sequence, Action Prediction, and Action Count . By following the task instructions and guidelines outlined in the context, one can create questions and answers that analyze actions, events, and objects in videos to enhance video understanding and reasoning capabilities.


Introduction
Background
Emergence of large multimodal models in video understanding
Importance of video QA for assessing model performance
Objective
To develop and evaluate VideoVista benchmark
Addressing gaps in video understanding and reasoning tasks
VideoVista Benchmark Design
Dataset Overview
Size: 25,000 questions from 3,400 diverse videos
Categories: 14 diverse video domains
Question Generation
Automatic construction using GPT-4 and other tools
Manual quality control for complex tasks
Methodology
Data Collection
Source videos and their content analysis
Anomaly detection tasks incorporated
Data Preprocessing
Video and question alignment
Ensuring variety in reasoning types
Model Performance Evaluation
State-of-the-Art Models
Struggles with fine-grained tasks
Logical reasoning challenges
Comparison with open-source models (GPT-4, Gemini-1.5)
Limitations and Future Directions
Current model shortcomings
The role of VideoVista in driving model advancements
Call for contributions and improvements
Conclusion
Importance of VideoVista for advancing video understanding research
Potential for benchmark to shape future model development
Basic info
papers
computer vision and pattern recognition
computation and language
artificial intelligence
Advanced features
Insights
How do the state-of-the-art models perform compared to open-source models like GPT-4 and Gemini-1.5 on VideoVista?
What is the primary purpose of the VideoVista benchmark?
How many questions and videos are included in the VideoVista dataset?
What types of tasks does the benchmark cover, as mentioned in the text?

VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning

Yunxin Li, Xinyu Chen, Baotian Hu, Longyue Wang, Haoyuan Shi, Min Zhang·June 17, 2024

Summary

The paper introduces VideoVista, a large-scale video QA benchmark designed to assess the performance of large multimodal models in video understanding and reasoning. It consists of 25,000 questions derived from 3,400 diverse videos across 14 categories, covering tasks like anomaly detection and various reasoning types. The authors use GPT-4 and other tools for automatic data construction, but highlight the need for manual quality control for complex tasks. State-of-the-art models struggle with fine-grained tasks, logical reasoning, and lag behind open-source models like GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5. VideoVista aims to drive advancements in video understanding and reasoning models by providing a comprehensive evaluation platform.
Mind map
Comparison with open-source models (GPT-4, Gemini-1.5)
Logical reasoning challenges
Struggles with fine-grained tasks
Ensuring variety in reasoning types
Video and question alignment
Anomaly detection tasks incorporated
Source videos and their content analysis
Manual quality control for complex tasks
Automatic construction using GPT-4 and other tools
Categories: 14 diverse video domains
Size: 25,000 questions from 3,400 diverse videos
Addressing gaps in video understanding and reasoning tasks
To develop and evaluate VideoVista benchmark
Importance of video QA for assessing model performance
Emergence of large multimodal models in video understanding
Potential for benchmark to shape future model development
Importance of VideoVista for advancing video understanding research
Call for contributions and improvements
The role of VideoVista in driving model advancements
Current model shortcomings
State-of-the-Art Models
Data Preprocessing
Data Collection
Question Generation
Dataset Overview
Objective
Background
Conclusion
Limitations and Future Directions
Model Performance Evaluation
Methodology
VideoVista Benchmark Design
Introduction
Outline
Introduction
Background
Emergence of large multimodal models in video understanding
Importance of video QA for assessing model performance
Objective
To develop and evaluate VideoVista benchmark
Addressing gaps in video understanding and reasoning tasks
VideoVista Benchmark Design
Dataset Overview
Size: 25,000 questions from 3,400 diverse videos
Categories: 14 diverse video domains
Question Generation
Automatic construction using GPT-4 and other tools
Manual quality control for complex tasks
Methodology
Data Collection
Source videos and their content analysis
Anomaly detection tasks incorporated
Data Preprocessing
Video and question alignment
Ensuring variety in reasoning types
Model Performance Evaluation
State-of-the-Art Models
Struggles with fine-grained tasks
Logical reasoning challenges
Comparison with open-source models (GPT-4, Gemini-1.5)
Limitations and Future Directions
Current model shortcomings
The role of VideoVista in driving model advancements
Call for contributions and improvements
Conclusion
Importance of VideoVista for advancing video understanding research
Potential for benchmark to shape future model development
Key findings
33

Paper digest

What problem does the paper attempt to solve? Is this a new problem?

The paper aims to address the shortcomings in current Video-Large Language Models (Video-LMMs) related to understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities . This is not a new problem as existing Video-LMMs have been identified to have these principal shortcomings, highlighting the need for future enhancements in these areas . The paper introduces a versatile video QA benchmark, VideoVista, which includes diverse video categories, varying durations, and a wide range of tasks to thoroughly assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs .


What scientific hypothesis does this paper seek to validate?

This paper aims to validate the hypothesis that Video-Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) have shortcomings in understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities, which need to be addressed for future enhancement .


What new ideas, methods, or models does the paper propose? What are the characteristics and advantages compared to previous methods?

The paper "VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning" introduces several innovative concepts and approaches in the field of video understanding and reasoning . Here are some key ideas, methods, and models proposed in the paper:

  1. VideoVista Benchmark: The paper presents the development of a comprehensive video QA benchmark called VideoVista, which includes 14 categories, videos of varying durations, and 27 types of tasks to evaluate Video-LMMs (Large Language Models for Videos) . This benchmark aims to assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs in terms of understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities.

  2. Automatic Video Annotation Framework: The authors introduce an automatic video annotation framework that facilitates the efficient creation of large-scale training and evaluation VideoQA datasets . This framework involves annotating video clips using models like GPT-4o and converting these annotations into question-answer pairs for merged videos.

  3. Video Processing Techniques: The paper details the process of splitting long videos into clips, merging adjacent clips, and annotating each clip to create question-answer pairs for the merged videos . This approach ensures that the benchmark includes diverse video categories, varying durations, and comprehensive understanding and reasoning tasks.

  4. Shortcomings Identification: Through extensive analyses, the paper identifies three principal shortcomings in current Video-LMMs, focusing on understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities . By highlighting these areas for improvement, the paper sets the stage for enhancing future Video-LMM models.

Overall, the paper's contributions lie in the development of the VideoVista benchmark, the introduction of an automatic video annotation framework, the emphasis on video processing techniques, and the identification of key shortcomings in existing Video-LMMs, paving the way for advancements in video understanding and reasoning research . The "VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning" paper introduces several characteristics and advantages compared to previous methods in the field of video understanding and reasoning :

  1. Comprehensive Benchmark: VideoVista offers a comprehensive video QA benchmark comprising 14 categories, videos of varying durations, and 27 types of tasks to evaluate Video-LMMs thoroughly . This benchmark ensures a diverse range of video categories, varying durations, and comprehensive understanding and reasoning tasks, setting it apart from previous methods.

  2. Automatic Annotation Framework: The paper presents an automatic video annotation framework that leverages the GPT-4 model and advanced video analysis methods for efficient creation of large-scale training and evaluation VideoQA datasets . This framework streamlines the annotation process and enhances the scalability of dataset creation compared to manual methods used in the past.

  3. Enhanced Video Processing Techniques: VideoVista employs sophisticated video processing techniques, including splitting long videos into short clips with consistent semantics, merging adjacent clips, and annotating each clip using GPT-4o . These techniques ensure the inclusion of diverse video categories, varying durations, and comprehensive understanding and reasoning tasks, enhancing the benchmark's quality and scope.

  4. Identification of Shortcomings: The paper identifies three principal shortcomings in current Video-LMMs, focusing on understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities . By highlighting these areas for improvement, VideoVista aims to address the limitations of previous methods and pave the way for advancements in video understanding and reasoning research.

  5. Extensive Evaluations: VideoVista conducts extensive evaluations and analyses on 10 cutting-edge Video-LMMs, revealing challenges faced by these models in handling long videos, fine-grained video understanding tasks, logical reasoning, and relation inference . This thorough evaluation provides insights into the performance gaps of existing methods and underscores the need for advancements in video understanding and reasoning capabilities.

Overall, the characteristics and advantages of VideoVista, such as its comprehensive benchmark, automatic annotation framework, enhanced video processing techniques, identification of shortcomings in current models, and extensive evaluations, position it as a significant advancement in the field of video understanding and reasoning compared to previous methods .


Do any related researches exist? Who are the noteworthy researchers on this topic in this field?What is the key to the solution mentioned in the paper?

In the field of video understanding and reasoning, there are related researches and noteworthy researchers mentioned in the "VideoVista: A Versatile Benchmark for Video Understanding and Reasoning" paper. The key solution mentioned in the paper revolves around the development of a versatile video QA benchmark, VideoVista, which comprises 14 categories, varying video durations, and 27 types of tasks to thoroughly assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs .

Noteworthy researchers in this field include Timothy Meaker, who is involved in tutorials on building children's dens . Additionally, the paper highlights the development of an automatic video annotation framework to create large-scale training and evaluation VideoQA datasets efficiently . The solution emphasizes addressing the principal shortcomings of current Video-LMMs, focusing on understanding, reasoning, and comprehensive abilities for future enhancement .


How were the experiments in the paper designed?

The experiments in the paper were designed to evaluate Video-LMMs on specific video QA tasks using a comprehensive benchmark dataset called VideoVista. The dataset encompasses diverse content categories, durations, and tasks to thoroughly assess the capabilities of Video-LMMs in understanding and reasoning . The experiments involved testing Video-LMMs on various tasks such as Event Location, Anomaly Detection, Object Count, and Logical Reasoning, among others . The dataset consists of 3,402 videos with about 25,000 questions to evaluate 11 different ability aspects of Video-LMMs across 27 task classes . The experiments aimed to identify the challenges faced by Video-LMMs, including difficulties in handling long videos, fine-grained video understanding tasks, and logical and relation reasoning abilities . The results of the experiments revealed that open-source Video-LMMs performed significantly lower compared to models like GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5 .


What is the dataset used for quantitative evaluation? Is the code open source?

The dataset used for quantitative evaluation is VideoVista, which is a versatile benchmark for video understanding and reasoning . The code for the dataset is open source and available at the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/HITsz-TMG/UMOE-Scaling-Unified-Multimodal-LLMs/tree/master/VideoVista .


Do the experiments and results in the paper provide good support for the scientific hypotheses that need to be verified? Please analyze.

The experiments and results presented in the paper provide substantial support for the scientific hypotheses that needed verification. The study conducted extensive evaluations on ten advanced Video-Large Language Models (Video-LMMs) to assess their capabilities in video understanding and reasoning tasks . The results revealed several key findings:

  • Video-LMMs encountered challenges in handling long videos and fine-grained video understanding tasks, such as temporal location and anomaly detection .
  • The logical and relation reasoning abilities of Video-LMMs were found to be inferior, particularly in Video-Video relations inference .
  • The performance of open-source Video-LMMs significantly lagged behind proprietary models like GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5 .

These findings indicate that the experiments conducted in the paper effectively tested the hypotheses related to the capabilities and limitations of Video-LMMs in handling diverse video categories, durations, and reasoning tasks . The comprehensive evaluation of Video-LMMs on a wide range of tasks and video sources provided valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of these models, supporting the scientific hypotheses under investigation.


What are the contributions of this paper?

The paper on VideoVista makes several key contributions:

  • It introduces a comprehensive video QA benchmark dataset named VideoVista, which includes diverse content categories, durations, and abilities for assessing Video-LMMs .
  • The dataset comprises 3,402 videos with around 25,000 questions covering 11 ability aspects (27 tasks) of Video-LMMs, providing a thorough evaluation of video understanding and reasoning capabilities .
  • Extensive evaluations on 10 cutting-edge Video-LMMs revealed challenges faced by these models in handling long videos, fine-grained video understanding tasks, logical reasoning abilities, and Video-Video relations inference .

What work can be continued in depth?

In the context provided, the work that can be continued in depth involves generating questions and answers related to video understanding and reasoning tasks based on action information, event information, and object annotation . These tasks include Action Recognition, Action Location, Action Sequence, Action Prediction, and Action Count . By following the task instructions and guidelines outlined in the context, one can create questions and answers that analyze actions, events, and objects in videos to enhance video understanding and reasoning capabilities.

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